GENE REFERENCE / HGNC:3098

TOR1A

torsin family 1 member A

protein-coding gene9q34.11Gene information

What does this gene do?

The TOR1A gene (also known as DYT1) provides instructions for making a protein called torsinA. This protein is found in the space between two neighboring structures within cells, the nuclear envelope and the endoplasmic reticulum. The nuclear envelope surrounds the nucleus and separates it from the rest of the cell. The endoplasmic reticulum processes proteins and other molecules and helps transport them to specific destinations either inside or outside the cell. Although little is known about the function of torsinA, studies suggest that it may help process and transport other proteins. TorsinA may also play a role in stress response signaling.

TorsinA is active in many of the body's tissues, and it is particularly important for the normal function of nerve cells (neurons) in the brain. For example, researchers have found high levels of torsinA in a part of the brain called the substantia nigra. This region contains neurons that produce dopamine, a chemical messenger that transmits signals within the brain to produce smooth physical movements.

Source: MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine. Source publication: 2024-11-21. Source review: 2024-11.

ClinGen reviews

We found no matching ClinGen review in the data used here. This does not rule out a link between the gene and a condition.

ClinVar records

These numbers show what has been submitted to ClinVar. They cannot tell you how likely you are to have a condition.

Submitted alleles: 324
Submissions for variants in or overlapping this gene: 580
Submissions explicitly reporting this gene: 526
Alleles reported pathogenic / likely pathogenic: 15
VariationIDs with uncertain significance: 161
VariationIDs with conflicting classifications: 10

The rows count different things: alleles, submissions or VariationIDs. Their categories can overlap, so do not add them together. Pathogenic/likely pathogenic counts exclude structural variants that merely overlap a gene. A dash in the source means “not reported,” not zero.

NCBI produces the gene-summary file each week using counts recorded at the start of the month. The numbers may differ from those on the live ClinVar website. Read the field definitions ↗

View this gene in ClinVar ↗

YOUR DNA FILE

Can your DNA file tell you about TOR1A?

From a DNA test kit (such as 23andMe, AncestryDNA or MyHeritage). These kits check a fixed list of about 600,000 to 700,000 positions across your whole genome. ClinVar lists 15 alleles in TOR1A reported as pathogenic or likely pathogenic. A kit checks only some of these positions, and often none of them.

From whole genome sequencing (a VCF file). Sequencing reads most of your genome. Your file lists the places where your DNA differs from the reference genome. Some regions are hard to sequence, including parts of some genes that have near-identical copies elsewhere, and a VCF file does not record which positions were read well.

If a variant is not in your file, that does not mean you don’t have it.

What BioDecode checks

BioDecode compares every variant in your file with ClinVar, on your own computer. For each match, it shows the ClinVar classification, the review status and the condition it was reported for. Your file is not uploaded.

A ClinVar classification applies to one particular variant and the condition it was reported for. It does not tell you about other variants in TOR1A.

BioDecode cannot fill gaps in your test, diagnose a condition or replace clinical testing.

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